Improvement in governors for steam and other enginery



.i strut inline JOSEPH BELL, or CINCINNATI, onto.

Letters Patent No. 99,751, dcteZ..Fcbruary 15, 1870,; antedated January29, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT-IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ANDv OTHER IEN'G-Ill'll-IRY.V

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making partof thesame.

To all whom 'it 'may concern: y

rBe it known that I, J osnrnj BELL, of Cincinnati, i'n the county' ofHamilton, and' State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and uset'ulImprovement in Governors iorSteam-Engines; and do hereby declare thatthe following is a full, clear, :uid exact description of theconstruction and operation ot the same, reference being had to theannexed drawings making part ofthis specification, in which` v f FigureI is a'perspective view of my improved governor.

Figure 1I is a vertical section of ythe lower part of the governor,showing the arrangement of the valve.

Figure Ill is a vertical section ot' l? and its connections, Fig. I.- Y

Prior to thel date oi' my invention many governors for steam-engineshave been devised and applied to use. lu some of these the numberofrevolutions desired to bemade per minute by the lcrank-shaft of theengine was regulated by the diameterY ofthe pulley on the crank-shari;and a pulley which operates the governor. y

In other governors the number of revolutions desired to be made had beenregulated by means of a lever, pivoted at a convenient point to allowone end of said lever to be connected to the stem which operates' thegoverning-valve, and the other end of said lever extending beyond thegovernor, Vand having a movable weight arranged to slide back and forth,thus increasing or .decreasing the amount of resistance the vgovernor-balls had to contend with, and by this means regulatingtherevolutions ofthe crank-shaft.

lhe objects of my invention are to obviate the ditiiculties incident toworking the old governor, retaining at the same time its good features,and consists- First, in mechanism for preventing the engine from ruimingvery rapidly 'nu case the belt driving the governor should break er slipoit.

Second, in mechanism for regulating the number of revolutions of thecrank-shaft of an engine which is intended to be made per minute.

ln orderthat others skilled in the art to which my invention appertainsmay understand the same, l will proceed to describe its construction andmode ot' .operation.

A is an arm, attached permanently to a valve-stem, B, said valve-stem 15having both a sliding and rotating motion, as hereinafter more tullydescribed.

C is a brace, fastened permanently to the frame F of thegovernor-stand,'and over' which the handle A slides.

D is a weighted pawl, pivoted at d.

E is a spiral spring, connecting the arm A and frame F.

G is a hollow cylindrical balance-valve, to govern the admission ofsteam to the engine.

H H H are ports or apertures through which the steam passes on its wayto the engine.

I is a bush or cylinder, which is ufitted permanently into thehollowglobe J. I

L L L are apertures or ports in the bush or cylinder l, through whichthe steam passes to come in contact with thevalve G. Y

K is a chamber surrounding the bush I, and receives the steam, throughthe pipe M, from the boiler.

N, Figs. I andII, is a lever, vpivoted at O.

l?Y isa cylinder, which tits nicely over a collar, It, and soconstructed as to slide on said collar.

S is a nut, fastened permanently into the cylinder P.

T is a thumb-screw, which works in the nut S, and has a collar, V,larger than the diameter of the hole in R on its lower end, which collarV plays against the lower bearingot'fR.

X is a spiral spring, which envelopes the thumbscrew T, the upper end ofwhich bears against the nut S.

l isa collar which sets over the end of the lever N, and slides easilyup and down the interior of the cylinder' P, and against which the lowerend of the spiral spring X rests. l p

Q is a cone-shaped collar, permanently fastened to thc stem B, the apexof which tits snugly in a cavity in the shoulder ofthe handle A.

The operation of the governor is as follows:

When the engine is to be started the handle A is shipped or pulled overuntil it engages with the weighted pawl D, the valve G, beingpermanently attached to the stem B by means of an open frame on thelower end of G, will turn with the handle A. Then the handle A is in a'position to be caught by the weighted pawl D, and just above a slot inthe brace C, the ports H H H will be on avertical line with those in thecylinder I. When the engine is started the balls of the governor will yout from centrifugal action, and bcing connected with the stem B willdepress the arm A, and thus, cause it to enter a slot in the frame C;the weighted pawl DA then drops out ot' way, and assumes the positionshown in Fig. I.

The steam entering the globe J surrounds thecylinder I and enters theapertures L L L, and comes in contact with the valve G as the action ot'the governorballs raises or lowers the valve G. The openings formed bythe ports H H H and L LL are increased or diminished according to thepressure of steam admitted, or the different degrees of resistance theengine contends with, thus forming a simple and eflicient governor. lBut if the belt which drives the governor should break or slip ott" thepulleys, the balls dropping from force of gravity would open the ports,admitting steam to the engine to their widest capacity; but as the ballsdrop, the arm-.A is raised out of the slotin the brace C, and thetension of the spiral spring E draws said arm around until it comes incontactwith a shoulder on the brace C, and just far enough to place theports `in the valve Gv against the blank surface of the cylinder I, thuspreventing the steam from entering the engine, thereby stopping it; 01the spring and arm vthe other end entering a slot in the cylinder P, and

surrounds the"ihumb-screw T, its upper side bearing against the ilangeU, as clearly shown in Fig. III. By turning the thumb-screw in theproper direction the cylinder l is made to slide over the flange R, thuscompressing the spring X, which, being connected to the flange U,creates a pressure against the end of the lever N, which communicatessaid pressure tothe end ofthe lever N, connected with the stem B, thuscausing the governol-balls to cont-end with a greater pressure as thelthumb-screw is tightened; and the governor-balls not raising as high aswhen the pressure isv removed, would open thegyorts of the valve G andcylinder I, admitting steam to the. engine, wider, and cause thecrank-shaft of the engine to make more revolutions perminute than if thepressure were removed. By thus turning the thumb-screw, compressing ordistendiug the spiral spring, a greater or lesser number of revolutionsof the crank-shaft per minute can be made with the greatest facility andaccuracy while the engine is running.

Having thus described my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. 'lhe combination of the handle A and spring E, as described.

2. The combination ofthe handle A, spring E, and weighted pawl D, asdescribed.

3. The lever N, receiving its power from a spr-ing, X, as described. v L

4. The combination of the screw T, nut S, spring X, and lever N, asdescribed.

5. 'lhe brace C, having the slot described for t-he handle A to move in,in col'nbination with vthe handle A and pawl D, as described.

' J OSEPH BELL.'

Witnesses:

SAMUEL S.' MORRIS. M. M. OLIVER.

